运维神器！41个必备Shell脚本，一键提升效率！

运维工作中，Shell 脚本是非常强大的工具，可以帮助自动化执行各种任务。以下是41个实用的Shell脚本示例，这些脚本可以直接或稍作修改后用于实际运维工作中，供参考

1. 检查磁盘空间

   #!/bin/bash
   df -h | grep -vE '^Filesystem|tmpfs|cdrom' | awk '{ print $5 " " $6 }' | while read output;
   do
   echo $output
   if [ $(echo $output | awk '{print $1}' | sed 's/%//g') -ge 80 ]; then
   echo "Warning: $output"
   fi
   done

2. 监控系统负载

   #!/bin/bash
   uptime | awk -F 'load average:' '{print $2}' | sed 's/,//g'

3. 查找并删除特定大小的文件

   #!/bin/bash
   find /path/to/search -type f -size +100M -exec rm -f {} \;

4. 列出并杀死特定名称的进程

   #!/bin/bash
   ps aux | grep 'process_name' | awk '{print $2}' | xargs kill

5. 监控特定端口的占用情况

   #!/bin/bash
   lsof -i :80

6. 压缩目录

   #!/bin/bash
   tar -czvf archive_name.tar.gz /path/to/directory

7. 解压文件

   #!/bin/bash
   tar -xzvf file_name.tar.gz

8. 批量重命名文件

   #!/bin/bash
   for file in *.jpg; do
     mv "$file" "${file%.jpg}_renamed.jpg"
   done

9. 检查服务状态

   #!/bin/bash
   systemctl status nginx

10. 重启服务

    #!/bin/bash
    systemctl restart nginx

11. 备份MySQL数据库

    #!/bin/bash
    mysqldump -u root -p database_name > backup_file.sql

12. 检查网络连接

    #!/bin/bash
    ping -c 4 google.com

13. 更新系统

    #!/bin/bash
    apt-get update && apt-get upgrade -y || yum update -y

14. 清理系统日志

    #!/bin/bash
    find /var/log/ -type f -mtime +30 -exec rm -f {} \;

15. 监控CPU使用率

    #!/bin/bash
    top -bn1 | grep "Cpu(s)" | sed "s/.*, *\([0-9.]*\)%* id.*/\\1/" | awk '{print 100 - $1"%"}'

16. 列出空目录

    #!/bin/bash
    find /path/to/search -type d -empty

17. 监控内存使用情况

    #!/bin/bash
    free -m | grep Mem | awk '{print "Memory Usage: " $3/$2 * 100 "% Used, " $3/2 " GB Used, " $2/2 " GB Total"}'

18. 重启系统

    #!/bin/bash
    reboot

19. 关闭系统

    #!/bin/bash
    shutdown -h now

20. 检查SSH端口是否开放

    #!/bin/bash
    nc -zv localhost 22

21. 监控并自动重启失败的服务

    #!/bin/bash
    SERVICE="myapp"
    while true; do
    if ! systemctl is-active --quiet $SERVICE; then
    echo "Service $SERVICE is down, attempting to restart."
    systemctl restart $SERVICE
    sleep 10
    else
    echo "Service $SERVICE is running."
    sleep 60
    fi
    done

22. 备份MySQL数据库并压缩

    #!/bin/bash
    DB_NAME="mydatabase"
    DB_USER="root"
    DB_PASS="mypassword"
    BACKUP_DIR="/backups"
    DATE=$(date +%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S)
    FILENAME="$BACKUP_DIR/$DB_NAME-$DATE.sql.gz"
    mysqldump -u$DB_USER -p$DB_PASS $DB_NAME | gzip > $FILENAME
    echo "Database backup completed: $FILENAME"

23. 检查并删除旧文件

    #!/bin/bash
    find /path/to/files -type f -mtime +30 -exec rm {} \;
    echo "Deleted files older than 30 days."

24. 分析日志文件并发送报警邮件

    #!/bin/bash
    ERROR_COUNT=$(grep -c "ERROR" /var/log/myapp.log)
    if [ $ERROR_COUNT -gt 0 ]; then
    echo "Detected $ERROR_COUNT errors in the log file." | mail -s "Error Alert" admin@example.com
    fi

25. 动态生成SSH密钥对

    #!/bin/bash
    KEY_DIR="/home/user/.ssh"
    KEY_NAME="mykey"
    mkdir -p $KEY_DIR
    ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -f $KEY_DIR/$KEY_NAME -N ""
    echo "SSH key pair generated at $KEY_DIR/$KEY_NAME"

26. 批量更改文件扩展名

    #!/bin/bash
    for file in *.txt; do
    mv "$file" "${file%.txt}.md"
    done
    echo "File extensions changed from .txt to .md"

27. 定时轮询API并处理响应

    #!/bin/bash
    while true; do
    RESPONSE=$(curl -s http://api.example.com/data)
    process_response "$RESPONSE"
    sleep 60
    done
    process_response(){
    # Process the response here
    echo "$1"
    }

28. 检查磁盘空间并自动清理临时文件

    #!/bin/bash
    FREE_SPACE=$(df / | grep / | awk '{print $5}' | sed 's/%//g')
    if [ $FREE_SPACE -le 10 ]; then
    echo "Low disk space, cleaning up temporary files..."
    rm -rf /tmp/*
    echo "Temporary files cleaned up."
    fi

29. 自动化部署脚本

    #!/bin/bash
    # 假设使用Git进行版本控制
    git pull
    # 构建项目（示例：使用Maven）
    mvn clean install
    # 停止当前运行的服务
    systemctl stop myapp
    # 部署新构建的应用
    cp target/myapp.jar /var/lib/myapp/
    # 重启服务
    systemctl start myapp
    echo "Deployment completed successfully."

30. 使用awk处理CSV文件

    #!/bin/bash
    awk -F, '{if ($1=="John Doe") print $2}' input.csv

31. 批量更改多个文件的权限

    #!/bin/bash
    for file in /path/to/files/*; do
    chmod 644 "$file"
    done
    echo "Permissions updated for all files in /path/to/files/"

32. 使用curl和jq处理JSON API响应

    #!/bin/bash
    response=$(curl -s https://api.example.com/data)
    echo "$response" | jq '.items[].name'

33. 监控网络带宽使用情况

    #!/bin/bash
    ifconfig eth0 | grep 'RX bytes' | awk '{print $2 $3}' | cut -d: -f2 | sed 's/ //g'
    ifconfig eth0 | grep 'TX bytes' | awk '{print $2 $3}' | cut -d: -f2 | sed 's/ //g'

34. 递归地搜索并替换文件中的文本

    #!/bin/bash
    find /path/to/search -type f -exec sed -i 's/old_text/new_text/g' {} +
    echo "All occurrences of 'old_text' replaced with 'new_text'."

35. 使用diff比较两个目录的内容

    #!/bin/bash
    diff -rq /dir1 /dir2

36. 定时任务脚本，用于清理/tmp目录

    #!/bin/bash
    find /tmp -type f -mtime +7 -exec rm -f {} \;
    echo "/tmp cleaned up of files older than 7 days."

37. 创建用户并设置密码（使用chpasswd）

    #!/bin/bash
    echo "username:password" | sudo chpasswd
    sudo useradd -m username
    echo "User 'username' created and password set."

38. 监视磁盘I/O并发送警告（使用iostat和mail）

    #!/bin/bash
    iowait=$(iostat -dx 12|tail-1| awk '{print $11}')
    if [ "$iowait" -gt 30 ]; then
    echo "High IO wait ($iowait%) detected." | mail -s "IO Wait Warning" admin@example.com
    fi

39. 使用rsync进行文件同步

    #!/bin/bash
    rsync -avz /source/ /destination/
    echo "Files synchronized from /source/ to /destination/."

40. 检查特定端口的开放状态，并记录结果

    #!/bin/bash
    PORT=80
    if nc -z localhost $PORT; then
    echo "Port $PORT is open."
    else
    echo "Port $PORT is closed."
    fi

41. 批量下载网页并保存为HTML文件

    #!/bin/bash
    URLS=("http://example1.com" "http://example2.com")
    for url in "${URLS[@]}"; do
    filename=$(echo "$url" | tr -d '/' | sed 's|^http://||;s|$|.html|')
    curl -o "$filename" "$url"
    done